Preliminary English Machine Translation via http://www.online-translator.com/srvurl.asp?lang=en Appendix 1 I.A.Djakov. Amaterasu The truth about perezhitom in Trehreche for Belief and Fatherland Has come, at last, long-awaited time when I can open and truthful, without everyones prikras, imaginations and fear and so as was, to describe struggle against the Japanese authorities for ideals expensive to Russian heart in Trehreche when I was there the inspector of schools. I shall write in interests of true only the truth. Whether yes it is possible to admit lie in the description of the experiences which are growing out of struggle for the maximum values which true is. It all directors and the teachers, the schools subordinated to me and will confirm Cossack population Trehrechja. At drawing up of story "Amaterasu" I used a special diary where brought the maintenance of all my conversations with commanding persons, the directors of schools learning and other persons. In the beginning of February, 1942 I have received the invitation from provincial management Southern - Argunskoj provinces (Trehrechja) to hold a post of the inspector of Russian national schools. Before I lived eleven years outside of Manchuria, in the various countries and cities of the south and have arrived to Harbin from Hong Kong, not knowing plans of the Japanese authorities concerning our children and youth. On the basis of newspaper clauses in " Harbinskom time " which I had to read abroad, I thought, that in Manchuria Russian enable to bring up children in only Russian spirit, as the future citizens of our Fatherland. Having accepted the invitation, I began to plan various actions in business of education not only children, but also all population of this extensive area. Having arrived in the city of Najlumptu (village Dragotsenka) in cold winter evening on February, 8, 1942, I have stopped at the chief of an agricultural department of provincial management Pelmeneva. In conversation with it at supper I have understood, that my work will meet set of obstacles on the part of the Japanese authorities. I have told to it, that else in Hong Kong I had to read " Harbinskoe time " and that else there, due to newspaper clauses, I had a joyful belief, that the Japanese authorities in Manchuria render Russian all-round moral and material support in their aspiration to bring up children for a native land, that this help is distributed not only to schools, but also on Church and on every possible literary and art circles. With deep satisfaction I have noted, that the chief of the Japanese military mission in Harbin general Janagita in the numerous performances inverted to Russian youth, emphasized, that young Russian should not forget the Native land, be proud of a great rank - Russian, and called them to devote to service to the Native land all forces. Is so, - has agreed with me Pelmenev, - but ? to speak about it it is impossible. Dangerously, - it has told, having lowered a voice. - it is dangerous?! - I was surprised. - Yes. I read speeches of general Janagita, but ? to speak us, Russian, about it it is impossible: and walls have ears. I did not understand Pelmeneva and continued: - Ideas of Russian emigrants should be directed there ? on the West, instead of on the east. Ideas of love and fiery belief in merge us and "them" in one people of the great country. Let the destiny has thrown out us for borders of our Fatherland, but, I repeat, there will come time when barrier between us and "them" and we will be erased, having understood each other as sons of one Native land, we shall create one great Russian business. At these words my interlocutor has for some reason looked in the window tightened by ice patterns, dark, frosty night whence looked out and has silently spoken: - I agree with you. All of us so think, but ? be cautious. I repeat: and walls have ears, not with everyone it is possible so to speak. - All happened there twenty five years ago, - were continued by me, - examine as historical necessity. So it was necessary ? - you for a long time from Hong Kong? - has interrupted me Pelmenev. - Recently, - I have answered and continued. - Why you speak, what it is impossible to share frankly the ideas on the Native land, on love to it, about greatness of its future, ideas, what we should live for it, bring up, prepare for children for Fatherland? Why? When general Janagita ? - It is visible, that you recently in Manchuria, - has smiled Pelmenev. - Here it is necessary to speak one, to think another, to do the third - and to do with the most serious kind ? - it has finished silently. - I so am not able, - I have answered. - be not able ? Then it will be difficult for you to live with us ? we live in Manchzhudigo, - it continued, - and to not be lost, should observe interests only Manchzhudigo ? - And Russia? - I was surprised. - I love Russia, ardently, deeply, but ? Russia needs while temporarily to be forgotten. It is necessary ? for the Russia. An inexpressible pain these words have responded in my heart. To forget Russia? The Native land?! And if authorities of it Manchzhudigo will inspire our children hatred to our Native land?.. Will make of them its enemies?.. - Yes, they do it and as you will see then, do cautiously, as Manchzhudigo - the most artful enemy of the USSR. - ? and when this country together with Japan will declare war of the USSR our children should be at war with Russian, shoulder to shoulder with their enemies, whether so? Is the purpose of the Japanese authorities, - it is silent, almost whisper has spoken Pelmenev, - but it will not be: I know cossacks ? Eat! - it has told loudly. - Will live - will see, but remember one: be cautious. For now we should serve the country "which has "sheltered" us. - Sheltered? - I was surprised. - Yes, sheltered, - it has told loudly and half-whisper: - A lot of Russian has arrived to Manchuria long before Japanese. These people have constructed the railway, have brought here culture, have recovered edge. And then "they" came, present our owners. Have taken hold of our property, have ruined the country, and we should them bow, thank for all this and for the whole world shout, that Japanese have rescued, have sheltered us. And try to not shout? - But what this such? - I have objected. - Authorities speak us about necessity of education of our children for the Native land and at the same time want to create from them its enemies. Encourage in words love to Fatherland - tortures suppress display of this love to it in practice? So, whether that? - Yes so, - has silently answered Pelmenev. - the Purpose of the present government of Japan - to subdue all Asian peoples, to win territory of Russia up to Urals Mountains, and they want to make it under a kind of mutual prosperity of the Asian nations under leadership Nippon in view of goddess Amaterasu Oomikami. To carry out this primary goal, they aspire to re-educate gradually and us and mainly our children, to make of them adherents of the Japanese culture, the truth, developing in them love to nonexistent "native land" with which new "native land" - Nippon subsequently should replace. That is why the basic subject from the most younger, first branch at school is the so-called civil morals, or spirit of the basis of the state, i.e. that brings up in children consciousness of unity of nationalities in Manchzhudigo under guidance Nippon in view of a rising sun, and also the Japanese language which all should study - and is old and mlad. Almost I had literally such conversation with the chief of an agricultural department in the first evening of my stay in Trehreche. This conversation has made on me the most depressing impression. With inexpressible mental anguish I have lain to sleep. Any strange, inexpressiblly heavy presentiment has seized me; at the same time joyful consciousness, that in this gloomy conditions I shall work together with Russian, increased my confidence of the safe end of my undertaking. Next day after a plentiful breakfast together with the hospitable owner I have gone to provincial management. Bright frosty morning. A snow dropped out by night sijaet silvery beliznoj on hills surrounding a village, on roofs of houses; from pipes the direct, apparently, stiffened lilovo-golden columns of a smoke rise. Everywhere native a picture: sledge, zaprjazhennye in pair Cossack loshadok; muzhiks in shaggy Cossack caps, in fur-coats, sheepskin coats; women with buckets on koromysle; wide streets with two numbers of timbered log huts; church in the distance with a cross shining on the sun. The abstruse Russian song whence reaches and zvon bubentsov ? In all it the native land, Russia is felt, but hardly perceptible grief and melancholy pressing heart oppress soul, filling with its feeling of bitter insult from consciousness, that all this Russian corner is chained by invisible circuits of the one who wants to impose the will to Russian people. The sword of the Samurai directed on the West, hangs above us ? Here and provincial management - a huge timbered building with a number of windows with white platbands and a high porch in the middle. On a high mast before it on a frost the Japanese flag helplessly hangs. Under it - manchzhugoussky. In provincial management me have presented the governor to mister Bato, the Mongol on a nationality, the counselor the Fudzita-dignity and to all chiefs of departments of management. Mister Fudzita has made on me pleasant impression the open intelligent person. It has asked me - from what I provinces where studied, interested in my scientific trips to the countries of Southern Asia and works on oriental studies. I have been well accepted also by all chiefs of departments - Russian, Japanese and Chinese. The assistant to the counselor of the governor the Imura-dignity, mister of a gloomy kind, has specified to me a room where I should work, and has soon brought the whole bale of papers. Assorting them, I have found every possible charters and projects of charters of any societies, any attitude to school not having, with a heap of clauses, paragraphs, items; some projects of speeches too not on school themes. I have told about it the Imura-dignity. It has answered, that the main task in my activity propagation among the population of idea of " the light order ", spirit of the basis of the state, problems and the purposes of sacred emancipating East-Asian war and struggle against communism becomes. This unexpected application of the assistant to the counselor of the governor has struck me, and I most have decisively declared it, that categorically I refuse a similar sort of activity and that if my refusal will not be accepted, I leave back to Harbin. I have declared it at presence the Imura-dignity to the governor and his counselor the Fudzita-dignity. Last something has told on - japonski the assistant and, having addressed to me, has declared: you do not worry. Work how you will find necessary, coordinating your undertakings with my assistant the Imura-dignity. We you have invited here as the teacher and the scientist, as the inspector of schools. I personally know your scientific works, heard about your travel on southern islands and I hope, that you will put Russian schools in Trehreche on due height. " And here my travel on southern islands? " Flash then at me in a head, but I have not given any value to these words. All their sense has opened only a year later. Next day I have met in provincial management director of local school Roman - Korsakovym. The application it too has exasperated the Imura-dignity, and it from its part asked me to not give to it value, obeshchav on behalf of teachers of the school to render to me all-round support. Have absurdly passed the first days of my service. I have been deprived any independence. I should report on each step to the governor ? in the person the Imura-dignity which answered all my questions: " Wait! " Some days I could not visit even local school. Become for me hated for a word "wait" has exasperated me, at last, and I have decided to go without any sanction there. At school I have addressed with speech to teachers (in a teacher's room) and to the pupils built in a hall. In the word to teachers I have emphasized great value of a calling of the teacher in education of the future citizens of great Fatherland. The pupil has specified a great word meaning "Russian". - Russia one of the greatest countries of the world. She is a mother small oppressed and underdogs of peoples. A basis of world peace. Hold highly and with honour bear the Russian banner. Be worthy a great rank - Russian, - I have finished the speech. After conversation with teachers in a teacher's room to me have shown school - huge light classes, a boarding school, workshop, library, a dining room, kitchen. With joyful consciousness of the responsibility for statement of a teaching and educational affair in Trehreche, with belief in realization of the treasured dream to protect Russian school from harmful and dark influence Amaterasu (the Japanese goddess - a symbol of greatness Nippon. The way to a victory over all not Asian world), I has returned in inspection kvartirku. In the evening I was invited to itself to a supper by N.A.Ostroumov, the former secretary of archbishop Nestora. It, his wife Darya Ivanovna, the midwife - feldsheritsa of local hospital, their son Jury and the teacher of local school S.K.Jaskevich have met me as native. Talking with them, I gradually began to open true sense of the Japanese policy in Manchzhudigo. I have understood, that appeared in the world of contradictions, cunning, hypocrisy, a lie. - Daily during morning ceremonies we bow to national flags, - spoke JAskevich, - we sing hymns Manchzhudigo and Nippon - all over again, certainly, Nippon. We do deep bows aside residences of emperors of these countries, and in special days - and aside temple Kenkoku-simbio devoted to goddess Amaterasu, and also aside CHurejto, a monument to victims for an establishment new " the light order ". In the so-called instructive speeches to studying and the pupil various representatives manchurian and nipponskoj authorities (all nipponskoj nationalities) and every possible employees Kio-vakaj (it state the "national" organization on guard of greatness of a throne) inspire us an idea on necessity of unconditional submission to requirements of the state to give "native land" Manchzhudigo all - last values, health, knowledge, work and the life. For the slightest insubordination to this requirement us put in infected sypnjakom prisons, pytajut and, at last, shoot as supporters of the USSR, and we, in the name of a victory liderstvujushchego Nippon, with shouts "banzaj" (hurrah) and with damnations in the soul, frightened of "mattresses" and "teapots" in torture chambers, endow frequently last pennies as katorzhane we carry out led by unfortunate "governor" - the Mongol "sacrificial" works, i.e. we clean kanavy, the areas, we put, as idiots, in not blocked places where the cattle wanders, any dry prutiki and at the same time without any plan we destroy for needs of the state century woods, and all this we do "voluntary" with poklonenijami, singing of hymns, performances in newspapers with expression of gratitude to authorities " great Nippon pro favourable " the sanction to show our "patriotic" feelings. And so-called defensive and other employment when us forced to put on the defensive form: Men should carry Japanese kiovakajku with nazatylnikom, windings, to a belt to fasten a towel and a cord, and women - ugly shutovskie trousers - mompe, instead of a scarf or kerchiefs, they should put on a head ugly black helmets both the same cords and a towel at a belt. Dressed in this shutovskuju the form, empty buckets forced to transfer us hours on a circuit each other, to extinguish an imagined fire, to fall in a dirty, to sit hours per holes, - to extinguish rogozhkami or sand from paper kulkov imagined bombs; at the slightest infringement of " defensive rules " us beat on cheeks, drew melom at women on a back and circles, or special hieroglyphs are lower, offending their female bashfulness. In a word, us human advantage and pride forced to do against what the common sense protests. And we frightened, did all this, bowed and thanked. And try to not thank - new mockeries, quite often arrest and tortures. About as I hate them! - With feeling of indignation has finished JAskevich. From conversation with my new familiar I have learned, for example, that the population "voluntary", under fear of reprisals is obliged to hand over to the state grain on 3 gobi 10 hair drier for pood. Grain it develops quite often in unadapted granaries. There it decays, perishes or in part goes on a state mill, and this substandard (certainly, it it happens also good) a flour sell to the population on 12 gobi 75 hair drier for pood. The kept good-quality grain goes for needs of the state. At cossacks of thousand heads of cattle, and all this cattle on the account of the state. The special commissions go round settlements, sometimes resolve slaughter, the most part of bacon and meat select to the state under low state rates (and sometimes free-of-charge), skins put in unadapted sheds, there they rot, and as a result almost all population Trehrechja golo and is barefooted. ca purchase of a new fur-coat or a fur coat is necessary prison with inevitable mockeries and frequently with medieval tortures and death. I personally for the trips on schools wanted was to get a sheepskin coat, but any petitions to me have not helped, and the governor has directly declared: " About it to speak dangerously! " The same commissions select at rich cossacks of studhorses under a kind sapnyh and under the high prices sell them somewhere outside of Trehrechja. And they exhaust every possible duties, oppress cossacks. " Voluntary ", under fear of reprisals on state, up to ridiculous to low rates they carry rack of every possible officials, representatives, tourists from Japan, carry in any weather, at any time day and night, in hot working hours, let alone "meetings" of the high-ranking visitors from the center, with inevitable banquets due to cossacks. On these meetings collect the population from all Trehrechja, tearing off from works and in a harvest season. Cossacks wait, having built in columns, the whole hours and without caps, even in severe frosts, listen to "instructive" speeches of the high-ranking visitors. This "honourable" speed up schoolboys are exposed and polurazdetye. These meetings are accompanied poklonenijami in all parties and "vysokomilostivymi" speeches of the "magnanimous" authorities which have allowed the population " to accept honourable participation (under fear of arrest and tortures) in amplification of fighting power of the leader of East Asia great Nippon " for final destruction of anglo-saxons and all his enemies ". And the "grateful" population with a gnash tooth, with reddened from a frost and ? anger persons, with the tears of "pleasure" caused by hatred to "owners" of the country, shouts " banzaj! ", claps, and then in newspapers reads about "patriotism", about " to will to a victory " and " determination to break all enemies great Nippon ". - Receives the population and "manufactory", it is frequent as lentochek a calico or coarse calico, - continued JAskevich. - to Japanese - meters. Is present in Dragotsenke and cooperative society. To "Owners" first of all - all. Russian and to Chinese - the pity rests or anything. On " amplification of fighting power " cossacks carry sand, bricks, stones, logs, clay, fire wood, and this duty for some reason is always dated to a spring impassability of roads or by time when cossacks are borrowed on fields and mowings. Is present in Dragotsenke and hospital where patients crowd on kitchen, preparing itself I peep in own saucepans. In chambers roll on beds in fur coats, in boots. Under beds it is not forbidden to sleep to relatives of patients. In man's chambers women, and on the contrary can lay. Patients "cut", as cossacks, without any narcosis, in a room with open windows under supervision of crowd of Chinese, fans of strong sensations speak. Water with clots of blood, pus, and also night pots are splashed out at a rear entrance so with this party to approach to hospital of a dog are afraid even. Functions in Trehreche and school on a background all same: " All on amplification of fighting power ", " we Shall break anglo-saxons and communism ", " the Life and death with Nippon ", etc. Gloomy ideas have arisen in my consciousness after conversation with my new friends in Dragotsenke, and in me the determination has even more become stronger to oppose false, artful feeble efforts of the Japanese authorities the Russian ideas first of all concerning education of children and youth in Trehreche, and for this purpose I have decided to achieve the sanction to go round all settlements of this area. But only in a month I managed to make it. The first settlement where I have gone, was CHalotuj. The poor school, poor conditions, the old shabby textbooks, need, but high burning in soul of already elderly, rather skilled teacher doing the imperceptible noble business, without any management, without programs, in a vice of requirements to bring up children in spirit of " the state morals ". The pain compressed heart when I listened to brisk children's babble: " Great Nippon and Manchzhugo are connected by the eternal sacred union and spiritually represent a single whole " ? Or: " Emperor great Nippon and emperor Manchzhugo spiritually make a single whole as a pledge of a victory ? ", etc., and in this atmosphere - "Nippon", "Manchzhugo", " Hakko ichi-u ", "Vandao", " Joint prosperity of peoples under leadership Nippon ", " the Life and death with Nippon ", " Sacred east-Asian war ", " All for a victory ", etc. - are brought up Russian children without knowledge of history, geography, the nature, a life and culture of a native land. - it becomes terrible, when you think of the future of our children, - the teacher in conversation with me after lessons has told. - we give them not that it is necessary. - And why you do it? - From us provincial management demands. - the Basic requirement of Russian school, and your school Russian, - I have answered, - development of consciousness in pupils of an accessory to great Russian people is first of all. - And unless so it is possible to speak? - the poor teacher was frightened. - Russian people lives in the USSR, and for the slightest display of sympathy to this country arrest and tortures threatens. - I know it, - I have answered. - But you should, and I put it to you in a duty, first, to bring up in children love to Russia, first of all, as to the certain country having the known nature, riches, etc. Second, love to the native people having certain history, the great past, belief, culture. Thirdly, a worship for everything, that we name Russian soul, the Russian genius, burning and the great Russian heart reflected in feats and affairs of great Russian people. Fourthly, belief in the great future of our Native land and, fifthly, joyful expectation of that moment when all borders between us and "them" will be erased. As well as under what conditions and circumstances it will take place - about it to speak, certainly, it is not necessary, but to speak that I to you have told, it is necessary. As you see, about the USSR I have not said any word. At last, do it cautiously. In the evening I asked the ataman of settlement to collect a meeting. There has come almost all population of settlement. After all "counselor" of the ataman - the Japanese in kiovakajskom a suit was. I have warned all and, certainly, mainly the Japanese that I shall speak about " great sacred east-Asian war " in the south and began the performance, whenever possible, from the picture description of the fantastic nature about. Borneo where I several years ago was as the researcher of a life dajakov. My "speech" interrupted remarks like: " Hear, soaring, - milk and bread grow on trees ", or " Here to us there - lay to itself and spit in a ceiling ". I have finished such description of "war" by words: " Great Nippon has taken hold of these riches strength of mind and heroism of the soldiers, it is similar ? " - and I immediately passed to the description of great feats of Alexander Nevskogo, Sergija Radonezhskogo, Dimitrija Don, John Groznogo, Peter the Great, Suvorov, Kutuzov, etc., having specified cossacks, that with these feats Russian children should be familiar to learn and grow fond of the Native land, is similar nipponskim to soldiers - I have emphasized for the Japanese, and that our Native land will be greater and that she waits for us. But to know the Native land - it is necessary to study. And to study the school for which bring as much as possible fire wood that your children did not freeze in it is necessary, - I have finished the speech, - or in the best way construct new school which will be pride and an ornament of your settlement. After conversation the counselor of the ataman has approached to me and thanked me for " suggestion of admiration won nipponskim the weapon riches ". (the Odd fellow, as though, beauty of the nature about. Borneo grow out gains of the Japanese weapon!) my conversation with pupils after lessons was more frank. At the presence of teacher Chikanovoj I spoke them about the Native land, about its last and greater future. Within a month I have gone round all area and have returned in Dragotsenku. Visiting settlements, I have close got acquainted with all pedagogical personnel of the schools subordinated to me and with population Trehrechja. After returning from business trip in the report addressed to the governor I have emphasized necessity of the organization of years pedagogical rates. It was offered to me to develop the project of position and programs of these rates, that by me and it has been made. Simultaneously I have developed also programs in general for all Russian schools in Trehreche. Soon I have received the offer from the Imura-dignity again to visit settlements of this area and to read through reports for the population already on the certain themes, with certain, to them the developed theses, about spirit of the basis of the state, about problems of " great emancipating east-Asian war ", " about the new light order ". I, certainly, have "willingly accepted this offer, but ? it was necessary to be ill urgently "fever" and to postpone this special trip for uncertain time. Fortunately, the nature then rendered to me service: such strong buran has risen, that for some days any communication with settlements has been interrupted. For this time I also have developed the mentioned above regulations about rates and programs. In May I managed to persuade the heads to enable me again to visit schools as the auditor and chairman of examination board. This "audit" in the greater degree has emphasized all importance of my conversations with the population (during my first trip) in sense of realization of the planned purposes and problems. Examinations have shown, that my conversations with pupils and with teachers have not gone to waste: children meaningly understood questions on the purpose, problems of school, the future of our Native land. Also years pedagogical rates in the summer have been organized. By conversations with the counselor of the governor I managed to inspire an idea, that we Southern - Argunskaja province should be advanced in sense of education of weights and that programs of our schools should be constructed on the data of the newest pedagogical idea ? as in Japan. Words " as in Japan " - have solved the problem, and it was authorized to me to open pedagogical rates for teachers. Lecture on pedagogics, the general, experimental and pedagogical psychology, didactics and techniques of Russian and arithmetics had to read to me itself. The so-called civil morals managed to be brought to nothing. The Japanese language which my "counselor" at rates read the Tori-dignity, borrowed one of the central places, and it was dangerous to lift a question on his restriction: all peoples of East Asia are obliged to know language of "leader". In connection with reading of pedagogical disciplines by me were arranged of conversation on every possible special questions. All participants of rates wrote reports which understood at special conferences, demonstration lessons were arranged also. I had been organized also teacher's chorus. Did not drive us and "sacrificial" works after a case when on the requirement of the young teacher of local Japanese school to leave all of us and to wash a school porch I has answered - " teachers are not brisk and make it cannot ". This teacher whom teachers joking have nicknamed " our lovely fury ", has become my most malicious enemy and has played subsequently a known role in my arrest. Rates have pulled together all of us in one Russian teacher's family, as was showed then at final session with participation of the maximum Japanese authorities which have paid attention to only Russian painting of rates, but too late: special performances of the counselor of the governor of. Fudzita, speaking to us about a direction of activity of Russian school in sense of education of our children conscious citizens " great Manchzhudigo ", the pedagogical commission coming from capital led by "minister" of national education (the chief of Department of the Ministry of safety), it is rather explanatory the made reports on value of civil morals specially sent on business of Hajlara persons, - nothing could "recolour" our teachers in desirable painting; they have parted on the schools to work for the blessing of dear Fatherland which sooner or later we shall get again. Last day works of rates as I already spoke, authorities had been organized special meeting with " a cup of tea " at uchastiii all higher authorities of our province led by the governor. At meeting us convinced, that Manchzhudigo - second our native land on which service we should prepare for our children in view of a rising sun (" light from the east! "), also that for final destruction of enemies of humanity - anglo-saxons and their allies - it is necessary to finish sacred war with the victorious end and then there will come world peace, under one roof (" Hakko isi-u ") the heroic nation jamato; for this purpose we should write in our hearts and hearts of our children: " All on amplification of fighting power Nippon! " And " the Life and death with Nippon! " The first I have expressed and, having overlooked care, have hotly declared: " In hearts of truly Russian people, not traitors of the Fatherland, by fiery letters it is written: "Native land", and any sufferings cannot extinguish in us this great word - the Native land - Rus, we its children and the primary goal of our Russian school - education in our children of consciousness of an accessory to it ". On the remark the Imura-dignity, that at us is not present the native land, that Russia does not exist, I with not smaller fervour have answered: " Russia as the greatest country in the world, never died and will not die. She was ill, but this illness will even more glorify her ". Last my words were: " Now with you the inspector of schools Trehrechja speaks not, and all pedagogical personnel of these schools, speaks all cossacks Trehrechja! " On the offer of the governor to express to all participants of the rates, as the first director Verhkulinskoj of the raised school Alexander Ivanovich Aleksandrov, the person with higher education, the old, skilled teacher selflessly devoted to school, but cautious has acted. In the speech it has emphasized, that " the basic character trait of the Russian teacher is nobleness and fidelity to precepts of the best people of Russia, based on the truth. This truth - indestructible power of soul of the Russian person even in falling creating still the big glory for the Fatherland ". The following orator, director Lobdarinskoj of school Jakovlev, the person noble, direct and hot, has declared: " Let rasterzajut me in scraps, but the traitor of the native land I shall not be! " All other teachers more or less definitely also have directly supported me, and thus this " the governmental impact " as we joking spoke, has received worthy repulse. Have arranged a teacher's party in the evening. Almost all the night long we sang, played, danced, and from next day teachers began to part in the places. After significant " cups of tea " our teacher's family has felt the even greater unification in realization of our primary goals, but for me there have come heavy days and as the friends most devoted to me spoke me, - above my head the thunder-storm has hung. The attitude to me the chief of military mission colonel Taki first of all has sharply changed. It, apparently, searched a case to destroy me. At once it makes it could not, as it would break bases of "principles" of a state policy of independence intended for all world, freedom of national belief, creeds and so forth not Asian peoples living in Manchzhudigo, and would find out true, secret plans of the Japanese authorities - to depersonalize us and to transform into the instrument of struggle first of all with our Native land. Completely intolerable the attitude to me the Imura-dignity and other commanding persons of the Japanese nationality has become also. This hostile attitude was expressed first of all that refused to me in the credit for purchase of textbooks and manuals for schools. With the big work it was possible to me to borrow seven hundred gobi in a society of education, to enclose the money and, having taken advantage besides credit in Harbin, to get there the necessary books and grants in bookshops "Science", "Economy", etc. (Some of these shops I has remained should, as not all schools have covered the debts for the books released by him on credit.) Besides provincial management has given up to me in the credit for repair of schools and only due to persevering requests, reports and so forth has been released ? 2000 gobi on repair of all sixteen Russian schools Trehrechja whereas only on repair of one school in Dragotsenke the sum more than five thousand gobi was necessary. At me did not remain other output as soon as to persuade the counselor of the governor to give me business trip, to ask the population to take part under repair schools. I understood all difficulty of my mission as the population already granted the certain sum on the maintenance of schools as excessive taxes. But there are no borders to kindness of Russian soul: the population met me, and all schools by the autumn have been repaired. Released "credit" in 2000 gobi has been received by me and rozdan to atamans of settlements only after three months - in the winter. The hostile attitude to me of the Japanese authorities was expressed even in trifles. I have arrived to cold autumn evening in Dragotsenku from Harbin with textbooks. Was more than thirty boxes with books which should be unloaded in a court yard of provincial management as the Imura-dignity has not allowed me to bring in them to a premise till the morning, and manuals have remained for the night in a court yard therefore the part of writing-books, pencils and so forth has been plundered at night. Next day to me did not give workers to bring in books to a pantry, and it was necessary to me itself, with the help of one of Russian employees of provincial management Baksheeva, to drag weights under skeptical remarks boek. In a pantry textbooks have lain some time, but were then thrown out in a corridor of management, and only due to intervention of the governor I managed to combine again them in a former place - too itself. Operating conditions became, thus, all nevynosimee, and I have decided to leave service and to leave back for Harbin. But it was completely impossible to make it: not only the inspector, but also the ordinary teacher, under fear of reprisals, had no right to leave service without valid excuse. An output was not. To serve I farth could not. Dismissals did not give me, and at the same time danger to be the arrested person has increased. Then I have understood, that appeared in a trap. Soon after a case with books I was caused by the chief trehrechenskoj military mission and has told, that it is extremely pleased with my work and that it has decided to give to me more responsible work on the organization of a society of Russian youth in Trehreche, and I personally should not constrain myself means. I at the presence of the senior employee of mission Boris Izmaylov have declared the chief, that with pleasure I accept this offer, but any sums personally for myself categorically I refuse, and if means for purchase of library, a movie camera and so forth I shall accept only accountable sums will be necessary. The chief of mission, obviously, has understood, that me to not buy for any money and after that me have completely debarred from the organization of a society of youth. It has been organized besides me under the plan developed Kiovakaj. After all this operating condition have become for me even more intolerable, and I waited for the worse - arrest, but arrest secret, treacherous, down to murder. At the end of December I have been invited by presidium of again organized society trehrechenskoj youth to a celebration of opening of this society. Behind the long tables covered with green cloth in the form of the letter "i" in a hall of local school, all local heads sat led by the governor. Among invited were ataman Trehrechja colonel Sergeev and decent trehrechenskih churches archpriest of Procopies Makoveev. Members of the Society of youth led by chairman Boris Izmaylov, numbers faced to tables in the middle of a hall. All in the Cossack forms, young, harmonous, strong combined. Were among them and the girl. At their kind, heart it was poured by blood. What for them have resulted here? And to listen to instructive speeches about their future activity, as the best synov the country which have sheltered them - second native land Manchzhudigo. Then to them gradually and cautiously with only Japanese cunning will inspire fierce hatred to the native land by an illustration of full lawlessness of Russian people, it tjagchajshih sufferings, bloody terror and persecutions on belief of fathers, unprecedented destructions in the field of transport, technics, the industries. Finally to corrupt and etch from soul of Russian youth the slightest display of love to the Fatherland, heads of the Society will hide first of all the truth about it as it is done by Japanese and in Harbin: for storage of the Soviet literature or hearing of radio it is necessary arrest with inevitable consequences - pobojami, tortures, down to a poisoning or execution. As a result of such "education" ordinarily ugly type skrytnogo, the cowardly, intimidated person, in soul hating the enslavers is developed, and is obvious - clapping and shouting him through tears "banzaj". Opening ceremony of the Society of youth began, as it happened always at ceremonies, hymns of Japan and Manchzhudigo, bows to national flags and aside residences of emperors of these countries, and also aside temple Kenkoku-simbio devoted to goddess Amaterasu, and performance of the representative of youth which after deep bow aside commanding persons, has read through just received of Sin-tsina, capitals Manchzhudigo, " Manual loyal ". In the first item of this "Manual", by the way, it is spoken: " ? we, loyal, should esteem reverentially goddess Amaterasu Oomikami ". The same representative after reading "Manual" has read through on behalf of youth, the oath promise of members of the Society to follow the instructions stated in "Manual", hence, and reverentially to esteem goddess Amaterasu. I have involuntarily looked on about. Decent, trying to define the impression made on him by these words, but about. Procopies, unfortunately, sat with the lowered head; then I have transferred a sight at the ataman and youth. On their persons hopeless humility, indifference and boredom has been written. Speeches have begun. The first were spoken by the governor. It thanked youth for creditable patriotism and fidelity to principles of spirit of the basis of the state and has called further not in words, and in practice to prove the fidelity great Nippon and Manchzhudigo, as to the new native land, active participation in construction of the state in the name of a victory over anglo-saxons and their allies. An inexpressible pain responded in soul of the Russian person of a word - " and their allies ". All of us, except for traitors, informers and traitors, with the latent indignation listened to these words for we knew, about what allies speak us the Japanese authorities. Some of the cowardliest among us or frightened, tested on themselves charm of Japanese "teapots", "mattresses", wooden shpilek under nails and so forth, at these words, the truth, with stisnutymi teeth, even applaud and shout "banzaj". The chief of military mission spoke about "honorary duties" of youth to enter the "voluntary" military groups which are having for an object military preparation for protection of northern boundaries Manchzhudigo. " You should be proud, - it spoke, - that authorities give you a honourable opportunity as the award, to act in military voluntary groups and in the future in practice to prove the fidelity and loyalty to your second native land, great Manchzhudigo ". Yes, Russian youth should be proud, more truly, has been obliged to be proud under fear of tortures, that executioners of Russian emigration on behalf of these authorities, allowed it a "honourable" opportunity to change to the native land, meanly to betray her and to thrust a knife in a back to the brother, the Russian person. The chief of garrison spoke about successes " heroic valorous nipponskoj to imperial army " and has expressed confidence, that all milliard population of East Asia with the concealed breath watches actions of the liberators, nipponskih eagles, heroes of the Pearl harbour, Philippines and Solomon islands. " We with a laughter have met the application of Americans for their intentions in the near future to land on Philippines, - it spoke. - And if only anglo-saxons will dare to come nearer to coast of independent Philippines, our heroic invincible fleet will put the enemy such crushing blow, that at him further any hunting to deal with the invincible nation jamato " will be gone. Addressing to youth, it has told: " you are happy, that have an opportunity in practice to keep oath promise to give the young forces to service to your second native land in spirit of the basis of the state. I thank you ". Approximately the same was spoken also by other commanding persons of the Japanese nationality. The head of ceremony, with the bow put at such cases, has approached to me, inviting me to express. I have specified eyes on about. Decent, it to speak has refused. The ataman has acted. With hardly concealable confusion, with hopeless humility of the person who has got in a trap, but under fear to appear even in the worse position, it has told approximately the following: " Pride fills heart at a kind you, good fellows, worthy synov your fathers and grandfathers! " In the further speech it has called youth to give the forces on service to the state which has sheltered them and to justify the Cossack honour performance of the sacred debt to the second native land exact performance of all paragraphs " Manuals loyal ". " What is it? Misunderstanding, the cunning inspired by fear for the well-being, or conscious infringement of fidelity to the Fatherland? " - has flashed at me in a head, and I have asked a word. - our duty while we live here, - has told I, - to carry out requirements of the state concerning civil duties if these duties do not contradict our Russian conscience, and also to aspire to be a healthy part of this state organism in interests not only our, Russian, but also all peoples living in Manchzhudigo, and it you keep the Cossack honour. But first of all you should store piously precepts of your fathers and grandfathers: under no circumstances to not betray the Native land, to not change to it and your belief. Do not forget who you! Highly carry the Russian banner and be proud of the rank - Russian. Remember - you are waited with the Native land. Be worthy synami her. Traitors are not necessary for it! Study to develop in itself hardness of will in aspiration to know great last and greater future of your Native land. Your way lays there - on the West! At last my words the chief of military mission something has told to the governor. Last has risen and, having addressed to youth, has declared: " Once again I express the gratitude to you that you have understood references to you of commanding persons and with eagerness execute the duty. All this. The meeting is ended. I ask all to remain on a cup of tea ". All have risen and were directed to one of classes where has been served tea and zakusochnyj a table. I have left in a corridor. Here the counselor of the governor has approached to me and has asked: - That you wanted to tell in the word? - And that, as you would tell on my place in relation to the Native land, - I have answered. The counselor has departed me, and I have left on a school porch. Silent cloudy weather. It is lazy flakes the snow falls. Around all is white. On soul it is restless. Any presentiment compresses heart. It would be desirable to express, share ideas. And I have decided to leave immediately for one of settlements of my area - Key. Vigorously ran Cossack the horsy, zaprjazhennye in convenient sanki on which I sat with the young cheerful cossack, all road sung the Cossack songs. His young fervent voice was given by an echo in mountains between which on a narrow valley the road strewn lightly just with a dropped out snow laid. Has blown into an easy breeze. Because of mountains the grey-lilac cloud has seemed - there was a snow. The wind has amplified and has soon passed to the present Siberian buran. - And ? and, milaj!.. The coachman Shouted, shaking by a whip, and horses have run at a gallop, but have soon gone at a walk - the road began to rise uphill. I of tears from sledge also have gone on foot. Ideas one replacing another rushed in a head. That seemed to me, that sufferings were terminated and I go somewhere to a unknown distance where I am expected with new free, joyful activity pictures of the Native land as if I there among native people close to heart seemed; but the terrible validity wakened me from this pleasant dream in reality and then it seemed, that me pursue riding in hated sharp caps. Heart is compressed from an intolerable pain. " What for I here? What for I have arrived from lovely free fantastic-fine Hong Kong here, to this disgusting terrible country where all is based on provocation, change, treachery and lie? White mountains are seen. Behind them - the Native land. To leave all and to go there? But whether will understand there me, the emigrant, "belobandita"? No, there me will accept for the Japanese spy and will kill as the traitor of the Native land. What to do? Where to run? You will not escape anywhere from this terrible prison Manchzhudigo, and I have decided to act openly against severe Japanese authorities in protection of the belief and a rank - Russian to remove from myself a shameful nickname - " loyal the Japanese colony - "empires" Manchzhudigo ". It was absolutely dark, when have arrived to settlement Key. After a drunk pile of fine tincture, hot pel'menis and tea with honey I was warmed and with special high spirits began to tell to the hospitable teacher and its husband diakonu Mamontovu all to what witness at meeting in Dragotsenke. This conversation has calmed me, as I have understood, that I am among native Russian people which understand me. Next day I was present at lessons after which had conversation with pupils. Feeling, that last time I see them, I have enclosed in the words all love to them, all aspiration to embody in their young hearts the most expensive - love to Fatherland. After a dinner to me have submitted change of horses, and I have gone further - to settlement Oak. Has stopped at principal Gantimurova. In the evening during conversation with it I have understood, as it entirely on my party and understands me. After lessons I had conversation with pupils. As the consciousness was sad, that last time I see these lovely, become native children's persons. But at the same time other, deep, joyful feeling spoke about other future free life when I shall speak again with Russian children about great Fatherland. Next day early in the morning I have gone to settlement Top - Urga. Here, as well as in first two, talked with studying and pupils, and has been invited to a meeting new, 1943 arranged in local school in the evening. All eminent cossacks has gathered led by the ataman, his counselor - the Japanese and the principal Thin, without kazachek. Up to "meeting" visitors sat on benches and is direct on a floor before brightly flaring oven in which the birch and deciduous fire wood issuing a pleasant smell of pitch cracked. Spoke about war here, in the east, and in the far West. Reading one only the Japanese newspaper in Russian "Time" which joking named the newspaper we "Tell lies", we should represent all events in false light. Besides these events presented us in illumination of every possible editions Kiovakaj, reports and instructive speeches of various representatives, delegates, the instructors calling us to trust to authorities ? under fear of reprisals, and thus not only trehrechenskoe cossacks, but also all emigration in Manchzhudigo was in full ignorance concerning events occuring in the world. Us all time deceived, but any internal feeling protested against this deceit, and we began to study to read the newspaper " between lines ". We found in it particles of the truth, discussed them on every possible lady, dreamt, exaggerated, but all this did by whisper, secretly, cautiously, remembering, as walls have ears. We felt like deaf, blind, badgered, frightened "teapots" people, defenceless and deprived of civil rights emigrants. Some of us did not maintain this slow torture and mad, committed suicide, or openly opposed the executioners and perished in torture chambers and prisons. But very much many were restrained, suppressed in itself pride and advantage of the Russian person and gradually the life and death with great Nippon turned to ugly type of the political simulator, in speculators and hypocrites, secretly in soul hating, spitefully despising, openly unctuously smiling, in three deaths bending the back and with stisnutymi a teeth shouting "banzaj" and "! " Were also such which went in the Soviet consulates - but only not in Harbin - here we bypassed this establishment for some quarters - were done "kvitpoddannnymi", but it kvitpoddanstvo became for these people a source still the big sufferings: them drove, in every possible way oppressed, and in ours " fertile Manchzhudigo " they generally perished or felt like, as on a volcano. Our enemies spoke and wrote, that in the USSR people groans and stretches the hands with entreaty about the help on the West and on the east, with trembling expecting " light from the east ", that Russian people freezes in " Russia brought by a snow " (" Has brought you a snow, Russia! "). But we trusted, that our people has kept hot Russian heart under this cold cover and waits for the moment when any unknown incomprehensible force, any light will direct the hot beam on this cold cover, will kindle it and again over the light of beams of the sun of the truth in Russia will be triumphed with spring. Wrote and spoke to us, that enough an insignificant push from the outside - and all construction of the USSR will fail. And here, this moment has come: Germany has untied war from the USSR. Germans have reached the Volga, and expected by enemies of our Fatherland of action " the external push " still was not. And then gradually in weight of emigration hearings began to penetrate, that Hitler gives Russian cities to the generals, and Odessa has presented Romanians; in streets of Harbin local Germans began to sing: " Volga, Volga, mother native, Volga - the German river " ? - we almost everything, except for traitors, somehow at once have understood all. Eyes have opened, hearts ? the Mean enemy have swung open has conceived to win our Fatherland! Having understood it, we have hidden. Whisper, under the strict secret transferred each other all new and new hearings about immense sufferings of native Russian people and all peoples in the USSR in a vice of the bloody enemy - hitlerite fascism. The anger, fiery hatred filled our hearts, but we were powerless something to make, as Kiovakaj, despised by us Kiovakaj, daily shouted by radio naming, traitors of those who supposes in the heart of sympathy to the USSR and doubts concerning an invincible axis - Italy, Germany, Japan. We frightened, badgered, depersonalized, "heeded" these speeches, drawing in the imagination of a picture of medieval tortures in the Japanese torture chambers, and with eyes burning with hatred shouted "banzaj". It began not known what ways up to us to reach joyful hearings: " the German drive " ? " the German runs " ? all Have been forgotten - and " constant workers'-and-peasants' revolts ", " eternal famine " in Russia, and "persecutions" on Church and Solonevich with "concentration camps", and the everything else, and our own lawlessness - the German runs ? the German drive from limits of our Fatherland! Looking back on the parties with the concealed breath we transferred each other these joyful to conduct, in soul blessing heroes-fighters. Together with this pleasure in us the belief that there will come such moment when all will be destroyed, erased separating us from the Native land of a barrier began to inflame gradually.. So, the "eminent" cossacks of settlement was going to meet Top - Urga at local school new, 1943. Cossacks sat on benches or is direct on a floor before brightly flaring oven, smoked, looking as badgered wolves, against each other and ? on Japanese with secret hope to hear any news about "there". We felt, that news are, but were afraid to speak about them: before us sits, as a cataract on an eye, "counselor", yes the opportunity of presence among us informers is not excluded also, but all of us somehow managed frequently in allegoric sense to transfer each other, that "our" "them" beat ? have expelled from such city. And it is necessary our owners (Japanese) hardly: "they" (Americans) have returned such island, etc., and one cossack has whispered to me on an ear: " bombard their main city ? " and I have understood about what main city there is a speech. About twelve one o'clock in the morning all of us have sat down a table. Huge pieces of meat, pies and vodka whence have appeared. Hours have punched midnight. All have lifted wine-glasses, glasses, a cup with vodka and have risen. The first toast has been given to me. I have congratulated cossacks happy New Year and on new happiness which expects us there, on the dear Native land. Feeling, that I start to play with fire, I, in an emphasis looking on the Japanese, continued: " you are proud of the heroic native land and feats of your nice eagles, I am proud of the great Fatherland, and is fast nastanet time when victorious banners our nice polkov will hover in many capitals of Europe and ? Asia? " - has somehow escaped at me involuntarily. At these words everything, trying to not look against each other, were silent and only one old cossack, mine the neighbour, has whispered to me on an ear: " Thanks, the inspector, has done an ill turn ? " I also whisper has answered: " And to you thanks, that you have understood me ". Behind a New Year's dinner I have told to the principal and his dear the spouse, that last time I see them as has decided to act openly against the requirement of the Japanese authorities reverentially to esteem goddess Amaterasu as loyal Manchzhudigo. Director has from its part expressed indignation concerning this requirement, but has advised me to be cautious and to not endanger the life. This very day I have left in Dragotsenku where has reached late at night. On January, 2, 1943, early in the morning me have demanded in military mission. The chief has met me very kindly and, having stretched to me the text " Manuals loyal ", has told: " Here, the inspector, "manual". Recently have received from the center. Be so kind as to dispatch his directors of schools with your instruction on his unconditional carrying out during a life ". I have easy answered: - Forgive, mister the chief, it I can not make. - That is how cannot? - it was surprised. - the First item of "Manual" contradicts my belief. - be more precisely expressed, the inspector, - has strictly told the chief. - In the first item of "Manual" all is spoken, that loyal emperor Manchzhudigo, or, more precisely, loyal Tennoo, should esteem goddess Amaterasu reverentially. - Well?.. - First, we the Russian emigrants having emigrant passports, do not count ourselves loyal ? - you think what speak? - the chief of mission has strictly interrupted me. - Second, - I continued, - reverential reverence of goddess Amaterasu contradicts main principles of christianity. - I ask you, you think what speak? It even more strictly has interrupted me. - Yes, I think, - trying to be as it is possible more easy, I have answered, - and your order I can not execute. For about a minute the chief of mission looked at me silently, precisely wishing to inspire to me an idea on absolute inadmissibility not only to speak, but also to think in negative sense of things to which the sacred name of emperor is connected. - State in writing your ideas, - it has told, rising. - Good-bye. This very day I have written and have sent it the corresponding application and began to wait for the further events which developed with lightning speed. After a dinner of the same day I have visited the counselor of the governor to whom has declared the same, as to the chief of mission. It was surprised not less and became all over again friendly, and then strictly to convince me of absolute inadmissibility of such application. - Tell, mister the counselor, your goddess Amaterasu exists? - I have asked it. - Yes, certainly, - it has answered with the tone which is not admitting objections. - she Also lives?.. - Lives there, in the sky. - Hence, - I continued, - if we, Christians, we shall agree with such statement should recognize existence of two gods - the god and goddesses that contradicts main principle of christianity - Edinobozhiju. - us it does not concern also this question us does not interest, - the counselor has answered. - Goddess Amaterasu praroditelnitsa an imperial dynasty. To reject her is means to reject all our political system and main principle of our state - divinity of his beginning that is impossible. The goddess of sun Amaterasu - spirit of the basis of our state, soul of people, light of history of the nation jamato and heart divine Tennoo. - Tell to me, mister the counselor, - continued I, - as we should understand words - " light from the east "? - This light proceeds from goddess Amaterasu Oomikami and in this light by a principle " Hakko ichi-u ", i.e. " all under one roof ", all nationalities of great East Asia, including the Russian emigrants, as the fifth nationality of empire Manchzhudigo should stay. You, certainly, can have the gods - the Christ, Krishna, the Buddha, Konfutsija, Magometa is your private business, but all these your gods stay in view of the great goddess of sun Amaterasu Oomikami. - Under one roof of the nation jamato, - I have involuntarily smiled. - Yes, certainly, under a roof liderstvujushchego people, - it is proud the counselor has answered. - it is dexterously told! - I was not kept. - That, you disagree with it? - it somehow has mysteriously smiled. - Yes, certainly, mister the counselor, - has hotly answered I, - everything, that you have told, absolutely contradicts all my belief, as Christian and the European. You can speak it to Chinese, Mongols, korejtsam, and that is cautious, but not to us, the Russian which has been brought up completely on other beginnings. - the Inspector, think again, - the counselor has softly told. - you have followed a dangerous way. - Yes, I know it, and nevertheless I shall not recede the words. - you the official also are obliged to execute the duty of the official, - the counselor strictly has told. - I have the maximum duty, - I have answered, - a duty of the Christian and the Russian patriot. - And if you will force? - Than? Tortures? - I have smiled and heart was involuntarily compressed from a pain. - That you, that you.. - the counselor has thought suddenly, - it is not necessary to be afraid of it. - I am not afraid, - I have answered easy, - but if my guilty language under influence of tortures will renounce true ? to this you do not trust. I shall lie ? - it is not necessary so to speak, - the counselor has stopped me. - Tell to me, - I continued, - that seems to you more valuable: the truth or lie? - Certainly the truth, - the counselor has answered. - we respect and we appreciate truthful and fair people. - Then what for you force me to be dishonest? In the further conversation with the counselor I have in detail stated the point of view on value of orthodox belief in histories of development of our state and have confirmed full determination under no circumstances to not change to the belief. The counselor has listened to me and has told: - I Thank you. I did not know, that so the belief of the Russian person is deep. I have understood you and I shall try to make for you everything, that on me depends, that the higher authorities, as well as I have understood you. Has already darkened, when I have come back home. The presentiment something uncertain-terrible compressed my heart. I have understood, that there was a dangerous way, but at the same time inexpressible exciting pleasure to the deepest hiding places of soul spoke, that this way is true. It was terrible from consciousness of inevitability of external sufferings - arrest, tortures, but this fear lit up with the inexplicable light which was starting with the depths of soul, from heart. I felt in myself two persons - external and internal, unearthly, soznavaemuju heart, and the fear of arrest has gradually grown gim in view of this internal person - souls. I have left in the sadik. Above a head flickering depth of the night sky, usejannogo stars reached. The feeling of eternity, boundlessness of the world and consciousness of negligibility of our tiny planet - the Earth at the same time reflecting and expressing in as the drop of water reflects ocean, this boundless world, has torn off me from surrounding conditions and has transferred my consciousness to this boundless eternity. All seemed significant and native - and the fallen asleep village in view of cold flickering multi-coloured sparks of a snow, and removed by hoarfrost derevtsa, planted by me in the summer, and far sonorous bark of a dog, and the hills which are vaguely growing white in a twilight of night, and even a cold stone at my porch - all reflected in itself the world of eternity not transmitted by human language, beauty and truths. Not feeling a frost, I looked at the sky where my soul lasted. Magnificent Orion regally shining by the stars, the far majestic sun - Sirius, Polluks, Kastor, Algol and millions other shining worlds, spoke about other, finer, than terrestrial, a life reflected in human soul, in depths of heart and reason. And whether it is possible, whether is allowable to offer this world of eternal beauty for the sake of time, illusive pleasures of the ground? Is not present - better death! The counselor of the governor up to conversation with me has dispatched " Manual loyal " to atamans and through about. Decent - to priors of churches of settlements Trehrechja. Some of cossacks have learned the maintenance of "Manual" and in pereinachennom a kind have transferred anothers. Cossacks began to worry: " As! To make of us Japanese - citizens of their emperor, to force to bow then to their cross-eyed goddess! Never! Any loyal Japanese passports and matrasok we do not recognize! In zhist! Better death! And to children we shall not allow, and in their school we shall not start up, let houses " better sit. - whether the Truth, darling, - has addressed to me one old woman, having met with me in the street, - that Japanese carry an integral steamship from the Japan and, hear, these gods will put to us in tserkvah? I have tried to calm the old woman that is a lie, but she has shaken a head and, wiping tears, has spoken: - Is not present, the sonny, is the truth. CHat our muzhiks will not stir in vain, - and the old woman has departed me, speaking about itself: " the Doomsday has come ? Antihrist has arisen ? " In the evening I was invited to itself by the chief of military mission. - you heard? - it has addressed to me. The population worries ? someone, obviously, with any purpose distributes false rumours. - to Any purpose in these hearings, certainly, no, - I have answered the chief. The population worries because, that you want to make of Russian emigrants of citizens of emperor Manchzhudigo. I spoke you and the counselor of the governor have warned, that of this question to joke it is impossible. Russian emigrants, I speak about those who has not changed the russkosti, and such the majority, never supposed ideas, that they have for ever lost the Native land. Your requirement - is equivalent to death as understood so vernopoddanstvo contacts reverential reverence of goddess Amaterasu that contradicts this russkosti. - you spoke it also to me and to the counselor of the governor, - the chief has told to me, - I hope, that will not speak the population for it is connected to personal danger to you ? fatal ? - it has told separately, looking steady on me. - I believe, you will not make it, that is why poezzhajte and calm the population. Cossacks know you, trust you. It is known to me. I with pleasure have agreed to make this trip and to prove to the population all absurd of distributed false rumours, but have warned: - I shall calm People, but concerning reverential reverence of goddess Amaterasu as citizens of emperor Manchzhudigo, I agree to differ. The chief of mission by a long, penetrating sight has looked at me and has silently made: - your own well-being depends On you in the future. Laws of our empire are more strict concerning execution of a civic duty, than you think. Remember it, but at present it is important to calm the population. It can make only Russian to which trust Russian. I have terminated. Good-bye. Next day I had conversation with the counselor of the governor all on the same theme - an inaccuracy of opinion of the maximum Japanese authorities, that it is possible to make loyal emperor Manchzhudigo of Russian emigrants and in this connection to force them to esteem reverentially goddess Amaterasu that contradicts bases of christianity. The counselor has answered me: - As to citizenship of Russian emigrants this question while remains open. To tell the truth, in "Manual" there is an expression: " we, loyal emperor Manchzhudigo ? ", but these words concern to indigenous population of our empire, instead of to Russian. - And if these words have no attitude to us, Russian why you force us, the Russian population, serving in your establishments and even pupils, daily to repeat these words at morning ceremonies? - I have asked. - And it is a duty of respect for the hospitable country, where do you live. - To name itself loyal emperor and to not consider itself them - whether there is this hypocrisy, mister the counselor? - I have objected. - the Word "loyal" needs to be understood in sense truly ispolnjajushchy the duties before the state, - after some meditation the counselor somehow has uncertainly answered me. - Loyal - means understanding the accessory to family of peoples Manchzhudigo, the empire constructed on the divine beginnings in view of solar goddess Amaterasu, to esteem which all nationalities Manchzhudigo, including Russian, as the fifth nationality of this country are obliged. - we realize ourselves here, time visitors who sooner or later should return on the Native land. After these my words the counselor, strongly having reddened, but doing efforts above itself to restrain, has told: - the Inspector, you have followed a dangerous way. You meaningly break bases of our state policy in Manchzhudigo. I thank you for your frankness, for honesty of your belief, but I believe, that you argue in a similar way only with me, instead of propagandize openly your ideas among the population. I believe, you will not rise on this extremely dangerous way, well knowing consequences of such erroneous act; besides I want to tell to you some words concerning wrong understanding you of true value of goddess Amaterasu, - the counselor continued. - Reverence of goddess Amaterasu is not religion, and the certificate of respect to political I build our state. Reverence of our goddess you express the duty of gratitude to our country. - we recognize existence only Uniform timeless and vneprostranstvennogo the God. As there can not be two ideas of goods, validity, love in the maximum understanding of this word, two ideas of beauty so cannot be and two ideas of the God. Therefore the God Is uniform. A recognition of existence still goddesses we break main principle of our belief - Unity, Edinobozhie, that is absolutely inadmissible. Whether we nonexistent can esteem, what is not present? In that case we should break elementary requirements of decency, sincerity, nobleness. You want it? Want from our party of a deceit, hypocrisy, pretence? I personally cannot admit it. The counselor for about a minute sat silently and, as if collecting the thoughts, has told: - I understand you, but ? similar reasonings break our idea of solar goddess Amaterasu Oomikami which, similarly to a sunlight, should light up the world, and in this light, in light Amaterasu all peoples should be united and live under one roof with the great nation jamato. And however ? - the counselor has smiled, - we touch with you such depths about which, I hope, you will not speak with the population. I heard, that the chief of mission asks you to go round settlements Trehrechja and to disseminate those foolish hearings which someone distributes. I too ask you - poezzhajte and make so that all was good. Good-bye. I have said goodbye to the counselor and have gone to father Procopy Makoveevu. It sat in it is hot the heated room and saws hot tea with red wine. - And, the inspector ? - welcomed it me. - Sit down. Whether want to tea? I have thanked it and have sat down to a table. Accepting a glass to tea, has asked: - you have received "Manual", father Prokopy? - Yes, has received. - Well and how? - And what? Anything serious. I have deleted words: "goddess Amaterasu Oomikami" also has replaced with words: " the Lord of the God " - and business with the end. - And you have made it with is conducted the chief of mission? - whether Well here still with it is conducted ? it was necessary to disturb the chief such trifles! I such have not made anything. I only, as the orthodox priest ? - And you know, father Prokopy, - has smiled I, - that you have made state "crime". - That is ? as a crime?.. - it has turned pale. - And you talk to the chief of military mission, it will explain you. - Yes, well?!.. Then it is necessary to return ? to go, write, yet late. I in fact have dispatched fathers to priors "Manual" in the corrected kind! About, what I have done?! - poor father Prokopy worried, rising with a place. - Wait, do not worry, about. Procopies, - trying it to calm, I have told. - you have made correctly. Now it is necessary in common ? - Is not present, is not present ? - it worried more and more. - So I am impossible ? did not know ? have not thought ? Unfortunately, about. Decent did not listen to me and continued to worry, has put on and together with me has left on street. Here I with it have said goodbye and has gone to J.F.Tutovu, former director of local school, the person with the big pedagogical experience, cultural and sympathetic. It, his wife, Hope Mihajlovna and the daughter, A.J.Skovorodnikova, the teacher of local school, understood me, always responded on my sorrows and a difficult minute supported me the friendly advice. I him have told all. Addressed by kind wishes this very day by the evening I have gone to business trip. The first settlement where I have acted with an explanation " Manuals loyal ", the settlement Ust-Kuli was. Unfortunately, was late when I have arrived, and the ataman has not had time to notify all cossacks so on assembly has come to very few people. I have in brief acquainted going with the purpose of my arrival - a refutation of malicious hearings in connection with " Manual loyal " and, having specified on necessity of performance of requirements of the state concerning the civil duties which are not contradicting to our Russian conscience, and nenarushenija public silence and the order, I, having emphasized value of orthodox belief in histories of our Native land, have told: - we Russian people also shall always stay such. We temporarily have lost the Native land, but we trust, that we shall soon get her again. Hence, we, as sons of Fatherland, let while disconnected with it, cannot accept any other citizenship and that to change to it. In what we can not change and belief orthodox that is why I have decided to petition before the higher authorities for change in Russian translation of the first item of "Manual" in which it is spoken about reverential reverence of goddess Amaterasu Oomikami loyal emperor Manchzhudigo. The principal in the performance has supported me, and all other present, having thanked me, promised the encouragement. In the morning of the next day I have gone further to the big settlement Top - Kuli. Fine lynx cheerfully run on well rolled winter road Cossack the horsy. The frosty breeze burns the person. Snow open space around, white hills, here and there trees, opushennye hoarfrost, cast any uncertain grief and melancholy. On soul it is disturbing, but at the same time it is somehow strange joyful: the beginning is necessary, and necessary to struggle up to the end. According to the coachman, my yesterday's performance in Ust-Kuli since early morning has flown about all settlement and, probably, today it becomes known to the Japanese authorities. Something will be? Eve of Christmas was. Driving in village, I at once have felt approach of a holiday: almost from all pipes the direct krasnovato-golden columns of a smoke carrying in frosty air a smell of something tasty, fragrant rose. Here and there burnt a bath. In windows from the solar party pots with colors, fur-tree branches were seen svezhevystirannye curtains. Windows from northern party have been tightened by ice. Director verhkulinskoj the raised school Alexander Ivanovich Aleksandrov and his spouse Olga Nikolaevna have hospitably met me. Not climbing down with sledge, I him have shouted: - Well, how? - did not read! - Alexander Ivanovich has joyfully answered me. - for you we wait. - Vish, that have invented, - Olga Nikolaevna has laughed, approaching to sledge and stretching me a hand, - the goddess any.. Have found fools ? I was surprised, that the counselor has dispatched " Manual loyal " and to directors of schools, and has answered: - anything, we shall sustain also this Japanese impact. Not posramim advantages and honour of the Russian teacher and school. In the evening, after a night service, till late night we sat in heat to the heated room for we expect with tasty pies. With us the ataman of settlement was also. I asked it to collect at school all adult population Top - Kuli for the second day of a holiday, on January, 8. With quiet feeling I have lain in the pure lovely mistress pure, warm bed and at once have fallen asleep ?. Unknown force bore a boat on which I sat, in the open storming sea. Lurid waves, appear, boiled and, rising up, were broken in a fine dust. All is closer and closer a boiling storming hell, a terrible roar, singing and groans, a thunderous laughter disclosed me. - Pogibaju.. - I have thought, and suddenly the same unknown force has quickly turned my boat back and together with a huge wave has thrown out on black lonely rock in the middle of storming ocean. Something here approaches not clear, dark ? Quay? No. A shed? No, and my boat appeared together with me on this strange subject. Silently. The picture opens: the garden, is a lot of colors ? any high ears. The small small house rolls in blossoming bushes, and white church on a background of high trees. "Din-lin-din-bom" - hoot and bells ring. " Din-lin - light of reason " ? - is sung with cheerful sonorous children's voices. I have opened eyes. The room is lit poorly up by varying ruby light lampadki. Somewhere, it is probable on kitchen, birch fire wood crack in a plate. The tasty smell of fried game and pies reaches. " Volsvi with zvezdoju travel ? " hoots a bass any small, and to it echos, as a mosquito, a high treble the little girl: " Otrocha mlado, prevechnyj the God ". " With a holiday! " - Having been out of breath speaks in a deep voice small. - " Good fellows, guys, - the mistress cheerfully answers, well sing! " I have risen and began to put on. Soon whence from afar outside where cracks severe night trehrechensky a frost, the first celebratory impact of a bell has reached. Cossacks cheerfully carry out the big holidays and especially "eves", i.e. patron saint's days. For some days kazachki pekut, cook, fry, soar and clean, wash, decorate the houses, expecting visitors, especially from "center" (Dragotsenka). On the eve muzhiks throw all works, wash in black baths and go to a night service. In the morning all family becomes on a pray before images, burn candles and lampadka, stukajut foreheads cossacks about the floor just washed up and covered with fragrant hay, reverentially sigh, and their example is followed by children, at the same time mowing eyes on pies and the huge sizes pies on a table. After that members of family congratulate each other on a holiday and go in church. Women become with left, men from the right party. The most "notable", rich cossacks - ahead, before the altar. After impoverish everyone sit down a table. Here all - both, and fish, and sweet dishes. The monstrous sizes pies and pies. Meat - a beef, pork, mutton, a bird - is cut by huge pieces. Hot moves then. Vodka - the sea razlivannoe. On formal dinner parties guests of honour of the Japanese nationality borrow a red corner. Less honourable - Russian "heads" - a number. Further away from a red (forward) corner - old women, old men. Other invited both unbidden public and owners cost on legs. All these so-called table, at all guests of honour and children, and another's, directly hands are reserved by meal and borrow places somewhere from a threshold, on an oven, on a bed or on a floor. Cossacks drink much. Do not lag behind them and kazachki. Anybody does not dare to refuse a pile or the whole glass - "bottoms up"-. Similar parties not a rarity in Trehreche. They as if speak about a full prosperity of local population. All these huge pies, pies and other food are result, first, heavy work and unusual riches of area and, second, that anything of invincible hospitality which is inherent in general in all Russian people. In all will be given up by the Russian person, will hide, will postpone the best piece by a holiday if only to not strike the person in a dirty before expensive visitors. Japanese see all this, both know, and are surprised - as they limit needs of Russian people in Manchzhudigo as oppress their any taxes, instructions, reprisals, prison - the Russian person, remains to true traditions of the Native land. The Russian woman, the mistress will sell something, will exchange, somewhere something will get to it one known ways, and the holiday will celebrate on glory. In Harbin, for example, last years by holidays to the population gave out on distributive cards only vodka and bread, sometimes the most vigorous got a slice of sausage, a half-rotten fish or something in this sort. To get other products (a flour, meat, groats, tea, sugar and so forth) it was forbidden under fear of reprisals, down to a death penalty (for example, for rice): but mistresses somehow managed to find everything, down to rice and, risking a life, arranged a holiday and treated the same ? Japanese. This resource, skill from anything to create something, this scope and breadth of Russian ingenuity, this property of soul of the Russian person to Japanese to not understand never. For the first day of Christmas I with Alexander Ivanovichem have gone with visits to the most influential cossacks. Everyone were very pleased with my decision " to protect honour and advantage of the Russian person and belief orthodox " and promised to come on a meeting and is old and mlad. In the evening at Aleksandrovyh there were visitors. In conversations concerned only the questions concerning to " to Manual loyal ". To indignation, indignation there were no borders, and at the same time secret, carefully concealable fear has been written on persons of all orators. " Let a head will chop off, but I shall not bow to their goddess! " - Alexander Ivanovich got excited, but in his kind, sad eyes has been written: - " Carry by, My God, past ? " I have apologized and has gone with visit to about. To Maxim Panikorovskomu. Here too there were visitors. Father Maxim and his wife have hospitably met me. With only Russian hospitality they treated the visitors. Someone from them has mentioned a question " about the goddess ". - This number will not pass!.. - has hotly told the father. - have far sufficed! - Will be suppressed! - someone from visitors has with conviction supported it. The son-in-law of father Maxim, the employee of the Japanese military mission Boris Izmaylov from its part, promised me the full assistance in the safe sanction lifted by me before authorities of a question. - Not posramim sacred our belief ? - was continued by father Maxim. - it is correct, Boris? And? We shall not give in?!.. Any matrasok it is not necessary for us! Let lives will deprive!.. On sufferings, on tortures I shall go!.. - more and more priest got excited. Poor batja. It spoke hotly, but ? on the person poorly concealable horror has been written. I have returned late and have lain in bed with any vaguely soznavaemym a hard feeling not that of melancholy, not that of uncertainty in sincerity of words of all people surrounding me. For the second day of Christmas, after impoverish, to Aleksandrovym there came visitors. Spoke all about the same "loyal" passport and goddess "Matraske". After a dinner at school people began to gather. I have declared the ataman, that assembly I shall not open until representatives of a local police and local fathers will come: orthodox - father Maxim Panikarovsky and old believe - father John Shadrin to whom I have sent the invitation letter. At two o'clock thirty minutes there has come police. To people was, that refers to - there's not an inch of room. Have filled in all huge class and an adjoining corridor. Fathers still are not present. I have sent for father Maxim. Poslanets has soon returned and has told, that about. Maxim cannot come. From Boris Izmaylov has received a note in which it wrote, that it entirely on my party, but come on assembly, unfortunately, cannot. For father Maxim the ataman has gone. Has returned and speaks: - Well, that, orthodox, the pastor has left the sheeps ? It is necessary to do without the pastor!.. I at this time sat in the next class one. The consciousness of the responsibility taken on with inevitable consequences down to uzhasnejshih tortures in prison, uncertainty in deep sincerity of applications for encouragement of people surrounding me, feeling of the weakness, fear, a unnatural cold and at the same time any inexpressible deep pleasure - all this has entirely seized all my essence. At last words of the ataman I have come in the big class filled with people. All sitting on benches have risen. I have greeted and when present have borrowed places, have opened assembly. The old believe priest father John at this time has come. - Cossacks, - I began the speech, - in the autumn I was in Harbin, saw there general Janagita. It asked me to transfer you the hot greetings. General Janagita is interested in our life and, including itself the friend Russian, promised the assistance in all your economic undertakings. It is the friend Russian and concerning our belief - we see it in his material aid to our temples, and also schools, hospitals and shelters; therefore we should not think, that the Japanese authorities want to close our schools, to destroy our belief and in ours tserkvah to put the gods. Believe me is a lie and who distributes similar hearings, that first of all our enemy. Further, we live on the another's ground belonging to the another's state, here again we can work, pray and bring up somehow our children for our Native land which waits for us. For it we should render this or that help to this state as taxes, civil duties if they are not directed against our own country which we, by virtue of historical circumstances, temporarily have lost. We here time visitors and as visitors we can not dictate those or other conditions, favourable to us. We can ask only about change of these conditions within the limits of possible for the state. If something is not pleasant to us in a life of this state, we should either be silent, or speak about it openly to authorities. As a last resort it is necessary to leave the country, but to not be engaged in underground activity, and furthermore to not try to thrust a knife in a back of this state because of a corner. We have no place to leave, and therefore it is necessary to ask only. Recently you have received from the counselor of the governor so-called " Manual loyal ". In the first item of this "Manual" it is spoken, that we as loyal should esteem goddess Amaterasu Oomikami reverentially. Naturally, this item strongly excites us. It excites and me. First of all I personally do not think myself the citizen emperor Kande, Tennoo on that simple basis, that at me was not present, as well as at you, this citizenship, and I am not going to take it. I think myself the citizen of Russia which is, will be and never will die. Let now us separates from it any time barrier and we cannot go there yet, but I believe, time when and for us doors of our Native land will be open will come and we can take part in its life. That is why, as I have declared also to authorities, I cannot count myself the citizen of emperor Manchzhudigo and, hence, I can not reverentially esteem goddess Amaterasu, first, because she as Japanese speak, is light, soul and heart of their state, and, second, she for me does not exist. To esteem nonexistent I think absurdity, pretence and hypocrisy. I declare the first about it openly, I one have undertaken the responsibility and one is ready to be responsible for the step. I do not ask also your encouragement that you to not bring. This question - business of your personal conscience.